Turbo Formula

Views Updated: Dec 15, 2025

Abbreviation

Pronunciation

/ˈtərboʊ ˈfɔrmjələ/

Secondly, we introduce the structure of Turbo encoder and decoder and derive the formula of MAP algorithm and its modified algorithms in the log domain ( including Max-Log-MAP and Log-MAP ).
The performance of Turbo multilevel codes is analyzed, and its formula of error rate is obtained.
The performance of Turbo multilevel codes is analyzed, and its formula of error rate is obtained. Simulation results show the validity of the design scheme and the formula.

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